The Connection Between Biodiversity And International Relations Politics Essay

The Connection Between Biodiversity And International Relations Politics Essay I would start talking about the importance of the concept of biodiversity, as they not only have to take into account the geopolitical, economic and military with the state of the countries in the world, but today in terms of natural resources and what they can extract from them for your benefit or about development, but also understood as an aspect that includes all human beings, among all species worldwide. And the reality of Colombia as a country, state and territory among other nations. This leads us to delve into the background theme of environmentalism, which is what promotes and preserves the recovery of the welfare of all of nature around us, animals, plants, ecosystem in general with a sense of conservation, calling Relations international green policy. An awareness that we have as individuals, institutions and governments around the world, direct or indirect involvement of international relations. This is a global issue and will have to analyze factors such as global warming, the effects of climate change on earth, the mass death of whales, the area of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹depletion of the ozone layer, radioactive waste, pollution, leading to the consequences as acid rain, melting glaciers and the species that live there, the biological containment of GM crops, causing serious changes in the Earth in the past 35 years. News that are heard, including the arrest of a ship with a hundred dead blue shark fishery product illegal in the Galapagos Islands, Natural Heritage of UNESCO are examples of environmental factors that are natural and analyze from the activities of environmental organizations public officials and governments around the international environment. A study called The Arctic Climate Assess, where more than 100 scientists, found that Arctic sea ice is now 24% lower than in 1960. Also a study on the Antarctic Peninsula has found that 87% of the glaciers studied in this region have been retreating more and more from 50 years ago. This as evidence of climate change on melting of the Arctic Ocean. (Rivero, 2008) Well for activists of these movements worldwide, the world order is inhumane, because it promotes a mentality of survival of the fittest, pursued a career thoughtless and wasteful exploitation of natural resources, and is based on the dominance of states and major projects of multinational companies often hired by the public sector, whether supported by the military and in the field of international relations, serious concerns about the natural forest area of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹control groups like the FARC guerrillas and have only squandering their illegal logging for their illegal crops, leading glyphosate fumigations have caused drought in many regions of hybrid natural groceries from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia wasting a privilege as the green seal for marketing of organic products in the international community. The privilege of this stamp, you can only apply to 7 years in advance. In California, a baby means 2 times the environmental burden to the planet than one born in Sweden, 3 times longer than one born in Italy, 13 times longer than one born in Brazil, 35 times longer than one born in India, 140 times more than one born in Bangladesh, and 280 times longer than one born in Chad, Rwanda, Haiti or Nepal. You can then move the ecological carrying California, which is the model of consumption patterns that globalization spreads, the 70 million babies born each year in the world? Science studies assert that no. (Rivero, 2008) Being environmentally conscious is concerned about the deterioration of the environment. Example: If I say: Industrial emissions that worsen the environmental conditions of my city, I am referring to projects and operations of this company are affecting my life and that of other species, and therefore should have the right and the mechanisms to stop harmful processes in the industry. In the world there have been radical environmental groups like Greenpeace and Friends of the Earth, but also in the last 35 years there have been extremist opposition groups which have been called Anti environmentalists postmodern liberalism or Liberal Conservative. These groups act against radical activists denying any environmental statement issued by radical environmentalists. These Anti environmental groups are unscientific, ie fighting fiercely science. The mode of action of anti-liberal environmentalists is to review each scientific paper published in prestigious journals such as The National Academy of Sciences, Science Nature, Scientific American, etc. To misrepresent what scientists report their research results and affirm the opposite of what was said. (Ballesteros, 2002, second edition.) For example, the NAS has been reported that global warming exists, but we do not know the effects of this in the future on the planet. NAS also said we need continuous monitoring of certain climatological parameters to recognize the course you are taking global warming. Scientific facts such as this have been modified and distorted by anti-environmentalists in the world, arguing that no scientific evidence that global warming exists. Whatever they read between the lines, distorted and altered to make the public think that the scientific issue. These same people say that for example there is AIDS and the AIDS virus is not the cause of the disease. Actually such people is the cause of what we are now suffering in the world, even as they have been filtered, to obtain government positions utmost importance to obtain lucrative contracts from there anti-ecological, anti-ethical with respect to human health , animal and plant, using many arguments to attack real science. Many union members have done the same for abuse of reserves and parks. The crisis of Biodiversity refers to the complete extinction of many species on our planet. This implies a rapid decrease in the diversity of life on earth. Some causes of species extinction are habitat loss by expansion of human colonies, macro-building projects of construction companies in developed countries with geopolitical interests in unspoilt and increased reproduction and overpopulation of poor people, who for many reasons invade rural and jungle, polluting and destroying ecosystems established with toxic waste, causing pests and diseases, wasting and over-exploiting natural resources. Human activities have caused the extinction rate has increased 50 times above the normal rate. Biodiversity is important in the global and international political context because we depend directly from other species to dress, eat and medicines for them, it moves very high percentages of the economy in the annual GDP of world trade. The disappearance of about 40,000 species during the last two centuries is defined as a legitimate global ecological catastrophe. 50% of the surface of the earth has been devastated by the advance of human populations, agricultural and industrial activities. That have recently appeared bird species were considered extinct sometime in the past, does not mean that all species listed as extinct are hidden out there, avoiding the scrutiny of experts. Capitalism and socialism, subsumed under the common denominator of industrialism, summarized the causes of environmental crisis. The characteristic features of this predatory lifestyle and defiling nature of the human condition are the blind faith in the continued economic growth, the expansion of the means of production and productive forces, the materialistic ethic, confidence in the technique alone will be able to solve the problems of humanity and the bureaucratic and centralist society. Between the rise of environmental movements, are the crisis of political parties and entities to represent and enforce the demands of citizens against state agencies. From the structural functionalist theory, it is considered that the discontent of masses of individuals comes from the deterioration of their living conditions, expressed in the forms of economic, political and military society and the change in values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹from a subjectivist theory of social actors, can be explained by a change in values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹and sensitivity of social actors. COLOMBIA Although it is difficult to locate in time the emergence of an environmental movement in Colombia, this has its beginnings from the struggles of indigenous and Creole for the independence of the Spanish Crown, through the struggles of workers and peasants of the early and mid twentieth century land and better working conditions, to the student and youth movements of the sixties and seventies for peace and new life forms and movements and marches in the eighties and nineties, they should not forget that Colombia has experienced an armed confrontation unresolved for more than forty years, badly affecting the environment, fauna and flora, a result of drug trafficking. Either way, the emergence of an environmental movement takes place only after the seventies as a result of numerous forums, conferences and reports coming from international agencies and academics in the core countries, including the Stockholm Conference on Environment 1972 and the World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987. Then there are the first attempts in the seventies building an environmental movement with the creation of a conservation group of the Universidad del Tolima. Then on the other hand the National University of Palmira promoted the inclusion of the department of ecology in the curricula of colleges of agriculture and from there it created awareness for environmental protection and natural resources. In recent years, and given that the middle class and intellectuals have extended their frame of concern, environmental movements or fractions of these tend to assimilate European values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹and American environmental movement, leading to many environmentalists to be active members or supporters of known nature advocacy organizations like Green Peace and Friends of the Earth, and other ideologies and styles to take action themselves in other international contexts. CONCLUSIONS Some political candidates in their speeches have incorporated environmental language and sought to win popular support without being able to consolidate the foundations for the emergence of a green party as has happened in countries like Venezuela and Brazil. Several candidates for public corporations, waving green flags, have gained favor with the electorate. A Green Party candidate was elected mayor of Caguà ¡n-the distension zone. However, in the political arena, Colombia appears as a barren ground for the birth of a party green. The theoretical political opening that would lead to the Political Constitution of Colombia has been canceled by darker forces outside the law, but faithful defenders of the establishment. The direct action of these movements has been driven by the inability of the state and legally constituted governments to give timely and satisfactory response to the demands of citizens. Additionally, the armed insurgency gained more space within the national territory to the point that today nearly sixty percent of the country is the presence of groups outside the law, guerrillas, paramilitaries or the newly named BACRIM (criminal gangs of drug trafficking, organized crime and landowners to defend themselves against guerrillas and common criminals. The international community is witnessing a worrying situation.

Jeffrey Dahmer Essay -- essays research papers fc

Biography On: Jeffrey Dahmer Section I: Introduction: Jeffrey Dahmer was one of the most well known serial killers ever. Dahmer was no ordinary serial killer. He was a killer, necropheliac, and a cannibal. The purpose of this report is to learn more about this serial killer. Section II: Overview †¢ â€Å"Jeffrey Dahmer was born May 21, 1960, at Evangelical Hospital in Milwaukee, Wisconsin† (Blakey). †¢ â€Å"Jeffrey Dahmer was found beaten by fellow inmates on the morning of November 28, 1994, as was pronounced dead at 9:11 a.m.† (Blakey). †¢ Jeffrey Dahmer given life imprisonment on 15 counts of murder committed in Wisconsin and one committed in Ohio, for which he was tried separately. â€Å"He was sentenced to fifteen consecutive life terms for a total of 957 years in prison.† (Schwartz p. 44) Section III: Early Age Jeffrey Dahmer was a very shy and isolated at an early age. Dahmer had fantasies about killing men and having sex with their corpses. Despite these early tendencies during his childhood, Dahmer didn’t fulfill these fantasies until after he graduated from high school in June 1978 (Schwartz p 33). Dahmer picked up a hitchhiker by the name of Steven Hicks, and eventually Hicks became Dahmer’s first victim. Dahmer enrolled at Ohio State University, only to flunk out within one semester. Next, Dahmer joined the army at the end of 1978, but was discharged for alcoholism and went to live in Florida. After returning to Ohio, Dahmer was then arrested in October of 1981 for drunken and disorderly conduct, so his father sent him to live with his grandmother in West Allis, Wisconsin. Dahmer had a couple of sexual legal incidents, then kept cool for about four years. In 1987, Dahmer killed his second victim, Steven Toumi and went on a killing spree soon after (Schwartz). †¢ â€Å"Most of Dahmer’s victims were homosexual, African-American men. †¢ Dahmer was actively killing from June 1978 to July 22, 1991† (Pringle). Section III: Childhood Dahmer was born on May 21, 1960, to Lionel and Joyce Dahmer. There were problems during Joyce’s pregnancy with Jeffrey, but Jeffrey grew up as a normal, healthy child that showed no signs of mental problems. At age six, he suffered from a double hernia and needed... ...;How did he die? 4. When did he die? 5. Was there a purpose to his murders? Answers 1. Seventeen murders were accounted for. 2. The exact number of bodies is unknown. Dahmer did not eat entire bodies. 3. Jeffrey Dahmer was found dead, beaten by his inmates. 4. Jeffrey Dahmer died November 28, 1994. 5. The only reason that might be is his disgusting fantasies. Outline Section I: Introduction Section II: Overview Section III: Childhood Section IV: Dahmer’s Crimes Section V: Caught and Dead Section VI: Conclusion Section VII: 5 Questions+Answers Section VIII: Bibliography Bibliography Pringle , Kenneth. â€Å"Inside The Mind of Jeffrey Dahmer in G-Files. [Website] (New York:_APB News, 10, Aug: 2000, 1, June 2001. http://www.apbnews.com/media/gfiles/dahmer/dahmer0814.html?s=pb_dahmer Schwartz, Anne E. The Man Who Could Not Kill Enough. New York: Carol Publishing Group, 1992 Blakey, Arch F. "Jeffrey Dahmer". World Book Encyclopedia. World Book Inc.2000. Vol. 5, p 5. Jeffrey Dahmer Essay -- essays research papers fc Biography On: Jeffrey Dahmer Section I: Introduction: Jeffrey Dahmer was one of the most well known serial killers ever. Dahmer was no ordinary serial killer. He was a killer, necropheliac, and a cannibal. The purpose of this report is to learn more about this serial killer. Section II: Overview †¢ â€Å"Jeffrey Dahmer was born May 21, 1960, at Evangelical Hospital in Milwaukee, Wisconsin† (Blakey). †¢ â€Å"Jeffrey Dahmer was found beaten by fellow inmates on the morning of November 28, 1994, as was pronounced dead at 9:11 a.m.† (Blakey). †¢ Jeffrey Dahmer given life imprisonment on 15 counts of murder committed in Wisconsin and one committed in Ohio, for which he was tried separately. â€Å"He was sentenced to fifteen consecutive life terms for a total of 957 years in prison.† (Schwartz p. 44) Section III: Early Age Jeffrey Dahmer was a very shy and isolated at an early age. Dahmer had fantasies about killing men and having sex with their corpses. Despite these early tendencies during his childhood, Dahmer didn’t fulfill these fantasies until after he graduated from high school in June 1978 (Schwartz p 33). Dahmer picked up a hitchhiker by the name of Steven Hicks, and eventually Hicks became Dahmer’s first victim. Dahmer enrolled at Ohio State University, only to flunk out within one semester. Next, Dahmer joined the army at the end of 1978, but was discharged for alcoholism and went to live in Florida. After returning to Ohio, Dahmer was then arrested in October of 1981 for drunken and disorderly conduct, so his father sent him to live with his grandmother in West Allis, Wisconsin. Dahmer had a couple of sexual legal incidents, then kept cool for about four years. In 1987, Dahmer killed his second victim, Steven Toumi and went on a killing spree soon after (Schwartz). †¢ â€Å"Most of Dahmer’s victims were homosexual, African-American men. †¢ Dahmer was actively killing from June 1978 to July 22, 1991† (Pringle). Section III: Childhood Dahmer was born on May 21, 1960, to Lionel and Joyce Dahmer. There were problems during Joyce’s pregnancy with Jeffrey, but Jeffrey grew up as a normal, healthy child that showed no signs of mental problems. At age six, he suffered from a double hernia and needed... ...;How did he die? 4. When did he die? 5. Was there a purpose to his murders? Answers 1. Seventeen murders were accounted for. 2. The exact number of bodies is unknown. Dahmer did not eat entire bodies. 3. Jeffrey Dahmer was found dead, beaten by his inmates. 4. Jeffrey Dahmer died November 28, 1994. 5. The only reason that might be is his disgusting fantasies. Outline Section I: Introduction Section II: Overview Section III: Childhood Section IV: Dahmer’s Crimes Section V: Caught and Dead Section VI: Conclusion Section VII: 5 Questions+Answers Section VIII: Bibliography Bibliography Pringle , Kenneth. â€Å"Inside The Mind of Jeffrey Dahmer in G-Files. [Website] (New York:_APB News, 10, Aug: 2000, 1, June 2001. http://www.apbnews.com/media/gfiles/dahmer/dahmer0814.html?s=pb_dahmer Schwartz, Anne E. The Man Who Could Not Kill Enough. New York: Carol Publishing Group, 1992 Blakey, Arch F. "Jeffrey Dahmer". World Book Encyclopedia. World Book Inc.2000. Vol. 5, p 5.

Country Music Essay -- Entertainment

The debate whether commercialism has stripped country music of its authenticity is one that requires further examination into who ultimately holds the power. The sometimes-drastic changes made in music leaves people questioning the tastes of consumers when in fact they are the bystanders of an overpowering industry. Fans are people who buy the albums, go to concerts, and request songs on the radio, not the execs that market the music, and yet their opinions/tastes aren’t taken into consideration. Fans carry a lot of clout in regards to what they define as commercialism gone wrong and acceptable country music. Despite what may seem fair, those who are financially invested in its success drive the commercialization of music. According to The Nashville Sound, markers that include â€Å"rural origins, stylized sets, seemingly spontaneous performance, accessible performers, and heartfelt songs can characterize country music’s authenticity† (13). The foundations of what country music has originated from are incorporated within these markers and are used to separate the real from the fake. Early country music was a means of coping with a life of work and worries; it also brought communities of the impoverished together in fellowship. The establishment of these markers glimpses into the culture and realities of many country music artists before their fame. Take for instance a family sitting huddled together on a porch on a cool summer evening listening to a family member play the banjo while another sings along. Everyone is enjoying and living in that moment and all worries are far from mind. Country music made people feel at ease and comfortable, it brought people back to their memories of the g ood old days. This is the way country music sh... ...ue. Consumers shouldn’t have to settle with music instead they should be enjoying it. In order to get the authenticity back within commercialized music it will only happen if people begin to realize the power that they hold. Once people start to realize that then the music that is produced, and sung will have a more significant affect on its listeners; music then can continue to be inspiring. Quality music is and will always be cherished more than mass-produced commercialized cacophony. Works Cited Jensen, Joli. The Nashville Sound: Authenticity, Commercialization, and Country Music. Tennessee: Vanderbilt University Press/ Country Music Foundation Press, 1998. Print Malone, Bill C. Country Music, U.S.A. Texas: University of Texas Press, 1985. Print Marcus, Greil. Mystery Train: Images of America in Rock 'n' Roll. New York: Penguin Group, 1985. Print

The Brady Act: Inconsistent but Served a Purpose

The Brady Law which is technically known as The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act of 1993 was signed as a law under the presidency of Bill Clinton on November 30, 1993. The law requires that whenever someone purchases a gun, he/ she should wait up to five days for a background check. As long as the Federal Bureau of Investigation has undergone the background check and for so long as the Federal Firearm License has not been issued, then a person can never obtain or own a gun (Bowling et al. , 2006).At the same time, it also required the gun dealers in each of the state should begin conducting and submitting background check requirements on their prospective buyers to the authorities to aid the process of authenticating that buyer’s capability and reliability in owning a gun (Ludwig and Cook, 2003). All states should have similar disqualifications for their applicants. These are fugitive status, court restraining orders, mental illness, and other violence convictions. Becaus e of these, of the 12 million applications that were subjected to background check by the National Bureau of Investigation, there were around 1.4 million that were rejected. However, there are also several rejections done by State and local agency background checks which were argued to be a little inconsistent to the FBI requirements (Bowling et al. , 2006). For instance, most state statutes would require firearm purchasers to have a permit or a license or an identification number right after background check to be presented to the seller before they are allowed to buy a firearm. Within these said statute laws, the background check would require around 7 to 30 days.This is inconvenient and inconsistent with the original Brady Bill because it only mandated a background check for only less than a week and 30 days is way too far from that requirement. Other state laws and agencies require that a seller should convey buyer’s information to the authorities either through mail, tel ephone, or e-mail. Accordingly, the local agencies would respond in about 7 to 10 days. The same as already mentioned, this is also a little bit inconvenient because it is only by then that they start their background check.Other than these, there were also instances were the agencies will have to encounter incomplete records of applicants in their databases which will test the capability of the buyer to purchase a firearm. There is also a discrepancy between the state and the local agencies’ reason on rejection. Federal laws would likely to applicants with domestic violence conviction or indictment. On one hand, local agencies would likely to reject applicants that are drug addicts and mentally ill. Moreover, other states provide for appeals, but only seventeen of them.All of these prove that there is discrepancy and inconsistencies in the implementation of this law (Bowling et al. , 2006). However, despite this, I think the law is still very useful in the maintenance of pea ce and security of the country. This is because the law even when it has been implemented inconsistently by the federal and the state government, it still outlines very concrete requirements and methodology in granting and denying the right of every citizen to possess firearms.This law is obviously concerned on the circumstances that would entail the irresponsible handling and owning of a dangerous weapon like the firearm. It mainly aims to secure the safety of very citizen in the United States and to prevent ruthless assassinations. References Bowling, M and Hickman, J. (2006). â€Å"Background Checks for Firearm Transfers, 2005†. Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin. US: US Department of Justice. Ludwig, J and Cook, P. (2003). Evaluating gun policy: effect on crime and violence. USA: Brookings Institution Press.

Gorilla, My Love Critical Anaysis Essay

The title alludes to a style of musical declamation that hovers between song and ordinary speech; it is used for dialogic and narrative interludes during operas and oratories. The term â€Å"recitatif† also once included the now-obsolete meaning, â€Å"the tone or rhythm peculiar to any language.† Both of these definitions suggest the story’s episodic nature, how each of the story’s five sections happens in a register that is different from the respective ordinary lives of its two central characters, Roberta and Twyla. The story’s vignettes bring together the rhythms of two lives for five, short moments, all of them narrated in Twyla’s voice. The story is, then, in several ways, Twyla’s â€Å"recitatif.† â€Å"Recitatif† is a pioneering story in racial writing as the race of Twyla and Roberta are debatable. Though the characters are clearly separated by class, neither is affirmed as African American or Caucasian. Morrison has described the story as â€Å"an experiment in the removal of all racial codes from a narrative about two characters of different races for whom racial identity is crucial†.[2] Plot summary[edit source | editbeta] First encounter[edit source | editbeta] Twyla and Roberta Fisk first meet within the confines of a state home for children, St. Bonny’s (named after St. Bonaventure), because each has been taken away from her mother. Roberta’s mother is sick; Twyla’s mother â€Å"just likes to dance all night.† We learn immediately that the girls look different from one another: one is black, one is white, although we aren’t told which is which. Despite their initially hostile feelings, they are drawn together because of their similar circumstances. They both like to eat chicken. The two girls turn out to be, in famous phrase, â€Å"more alike than unalike.† They were both â€Å"dumped† there. They become allies against the â€Å"big girls on the second floor† (whom they call â€Å"gar-girls,† a name they get from mishearing the word â€Å"gargoyle†), as well as against the home’s â€Å"real orphans,† the children whose parents have died. They share a fascination with Maggie, the old, sandy-colored woman â€Å"with legs like parentheses† who works in the home’s kitchen and who can’t speak. Twyla and Roberta are reminded of their differences on the Sunday that each of their mothers comes to visit and attend church with them. Twyla’s mother Mary is dressed inappropriately; Roberta’s mother, wearing an enormous cross on her even  more enormous chest. Mary offers her hand, but Roberta’s mother refuses to shake Mary’s hand. Twyla experiences twin humiliations: her mother’s inappropriate behavior shames her, and she feels slighted by Roberta’s mother’s refusal. Second encou nter[edit source | editbeta] Twyla and Roberta meet again eight years later during the 1960s, when Twyla is â€Å"working behind the counter at the Howard Johnson’s on the Thruway† and Roberta is sitting in a booth with, â€Å"two guys smothered in head and facial hair.† Roberta and her friends are on their way to the west coast to keep an appointment with Jimi Hendrix. The episode is brief, but long enough to make Twyla feel like an outsider in Roberta’s world. Third encounter[edit source | editbeta] The third time Twyla and Roberta meet is 20 years after they first met at St. Bonnys. They are both married and meet while shopping at the Food Emporium, a new gourmet grocery store. Twyla describes the encounter as a complete opposite of their last. They get along well and share memories of the past. Roberta is rich and Twyla is lower middle class. Twyla is married to a firefighter; Roberta is married to an IBM executive. Fourth encounter[edit source | editbeta] The next time the two women meet, â€Å"racial strife† threatens Twyla’s town of Newburgh, NY in the form of busing. As she drives by the school, Twyla sees Roberta there, picketing the forced integration. Twyla is briefly threatened by the other protesters; Roberta doesn’t come to her aid. Roberta’s parting remark unsettles Twyla: â€Å"Maybe I am different now, Twyla. But you’re not. You’re the same little state kid who kicked a poor old black lady when she was down on the ground. You kicked a black lady and you have the nerve to call me a bigot.† Twyla replies, â€Å"Maggie wasn’t black.† Either she does not remember that she was black, or she had never classified her sandy skin as black. Twyla decides to join the counter-picketing across the street from Roberta, where she spends a few days hoisting signs that respond directly to Roberta’s sign. Fifth encounter[edit source | editbeta] We meet Twyla and Roberta once more; this time it is in a coffee shop on Christmas Eve, years later, probably in the early 1980s. Roberta wants to discuss what she last said about Maggie. The conversation is sympathetic but ends on an unresolved note.

Resistance to Change Paper Essay

Introduction Resistance to change comes along quite a bit in all organizations; and individuals are comfortable with what he or she knows. Organizations are constantly struggling with combating resistance to change, and all the while keeping individuals ideas and concerns in mind. In order to make things a little easier Lewin’s theory can be used, to make this transition to change a little easier. There is also organizational and individual resistance, and what major factors can cause resistance to change. Resistance to change can be managed, and how it does solely relies on the organization. Organizations have a lot to cope with on a daily basis, and when changes are made this impacts the company as a whole. Many things can contribute to resistance to change, and listed below are factors organizations face when changes are implemented. Organizational Resistance to Change When it comes to organizational resistance to change this has to be done very carefully. Resistance to change does not only affect just an individual it affects the organization as a whole. Some of the examples of organizational resistance are structural, threats of power, a sinking in costs, special treatments, groups, etc. The structure of the organization is one of the most important things; the structure is the stability, what makes the organization what it is. Power, if an individual or a group feels like their position is being threatened, resistance will be the first thing that happens. Power wars can hurt the memento of work that has been occurring before the changes. Upper management may be a little more resistance when they determine the costs of training; changes happen and learning all again. Special treatments could be given to certain individuals, and the newer individuals are getting tasks, the older staff used to have. An organization has to keep all these in mind when trying to transition organizational change with resistance. There are some individuals that belong to a certain group, and listening to others how the changes are not necessary, so the  individual will be a little more resistant to the changes. Individual Resistance to Change The individual’s resistance to change can be brought on by many different things. One of the challenges faced by an organization is other employees or other individuals not going along with the changes. Some examples of resistance to change can include fears of the unknown, employee relationships, routines, failure of communication, and economical conditions. Fears of the unknown can do an individual in. An individual that is resistant can make it quite difficult when changes do occur. Within an organization, relationships are built, and sometimes when changes occur individuals feel threatened, to the point of feeling their relationships with others will no longer be. Also, the employees that are in a group or working with one individual are normally friends. By moving he or she, this will mess up the routine, and its takes them out of what they are comfortable with. Employees are used to their routines, and when taken out of their comfort zone, he or she can be more resistant to change. Failure of communication can be a big problem. If employees feel there was a blind side, and nothing communicated about these changes, this can backfire. Setting up a meeting with employees can make the transition go a lot easier, and not resistant to these changes. Economical conditions are a factor, and if the employee feels that there is nothing in it for them. Then he or she can be more resistant to change. Employees want to feel that there will be some reward to compensate for the trouble he, or she will be put in to accept the changes. There are a lot of factors for an organization to consider, especially when changes are made. If done properly, an organization can have the proper reactions from employees, and the transition will be a complete success. Also, management needs to listen to any apprehensions, or fears employees may have. There are multiple methods that can be used when changes are taken place; one of the most successful is Lewin’s Theory of Change. Lewin’s Theory of Change Kurt Lewin is best known for the 3-Stage Model of Change. Lewin developed  the 3-Stage Model in the 1950’s and is still used to this day. The three stages are unfreezing, changing and refreezing. â€Å"The model represents a very simple and practical model for understanding the change process (2014).† This model is still used widely and does serve a purpose for multiple modern change models. If an organization follows the 3-Stage Model of Change, the transition of change will be more effective. â€Å"For Lewin, the process of change entails creating the perception that a change is needed, then moving toward the new, desired level of behavior and finally, solidifying that new behavior as the norm (2014).† Unfreezing The first step is unfreezing, for example if there is something frozen in one’s freezer; it needs to be taken out and thawed out. This is what occurs when changes take place. When a change needs to be implemented, the first step is unfreezing. It is common for individuals to resist change, and in order for this to be successful, the unfreezing step is implemented, and to let others be conscious of what is hindering the organization. During the unfreezing step, it is highly important communication is used to make the transition a lot smoother. Also, it is crucial for individuals to realize how important it is to be accepting to the changes and the logic and reason for why this is occurring. Once the individuals in the organization know how imperative and essential the changes the more beneficial it is to them and the company. Changing The second step is changing, for example once something is unfrozen then changes can now take place. â€Å"This changing step, also referred to as ‘transitioning’ or ‘moving,’ is marked by the implementation of the change (2014).† Now that this step is implemented new behaviors, values, attitudes, and ways of thinking are all put into practice. It will be easier for employees to embrace changes the more prepared they are. It is important there is communication, support, education of changes, and time is what is needed for changes to be successful. Change needs to be planned and carried out carefully. With proper support and mentoring the change process should run smoothly, and all involved can transition easily. Refreezing The third step is refreezing; for example, this is the process of  reinforcing the act. This step stabilizes after the change has taken place. If this step is not carried out, this can lead to employees retracting back to the way things were done before the change was implemented. It needs to be carefully planned out to ensure that retraction does not occur, and enforced that this will not happen. The changes also need to be normal and part of the culture of the organization. The success of this can be rewarding to the employees, and organization when the help of the individuals reached goals during the changing process. The leaders can also acknowledge the hard work put into reaching these goals, and embracing the changes. Conclusion Resistance to change occurs quite a bit in any organization. In order for this to be successful, there are certain steps to be taken to ensure the organization embraces the changes. Transition to changes can come easy or be a nightmare to the whole organization. Kurt Lewin’s theory of change has worked for a long time and is still used for modern change models. Changes are key to the growth of the organization, and that of their employees. Using the 3-Stage Model of Change has been a success and has worked for many years. To obtain success, the organization has to embrace the changes, and to work together, not against one another. Resistance to change is a given, it is a fear of the unknown, educating employees are key to how successful an organization will be once it has been implemented. If used correctly Lewin’s Theory of Change should work successfully for any organization. Change is not always easy for some, but if communication, mentoring, and support are all used, then the organization should have complete success. Today, tomorrow, months, and even years from now Lewin’s Theory of Change will still be working for organizations trying to prevent resistance to change. Reference Lewin’s 3-Stage Model of Change: Unfreezing, Changing, Unfreezing. (2014). Retrieved from http://www.education-portal.com/academy/lesson/lewins-three-stage-model

Feminism In Frankenstein essays

Feminism In Frankenstein essays When reading Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, one cannot help but notice that the women characters seem to have little substance compared to the male characters. This may have been caused by the time period in which she wrote: one in which females was considered to be inferior to males. There are many factors in this novel which contribute to the portrayal of feminism. The three points which contribute greatly are, the female characters are there only to reflect the male characters, women are seen as possessions for men to protect, and finally women in the novel are portrayed as stereotypical women in that time period. Mary Shelleys novel portrays feminist qualities, and is a feminist novel. Firstly, the female characters in the novel are there only to reflect the male characters. To start, in the novel itself, no women speak directly. The book has three basic narrators: Robert Walton, Victor Frankenstein, and Frankenstein's monster. The female characters are very weak in this novel, especially Elizabeth, Victor's cousin/fianc. She is portrayed as the perfect woman, especially after Victor's mother, Caroline dies. She takes the place of the mother figure in the household. Secondly, just like all the female characters in the story, Elizabeths character has little substance. Victor's character is described in detail, as is that of the monster, and Henry Clerval. When Henry gets killed, sympathy is really felt toward Victor, because he has just lost his lifetime friend. When Elizabeth is murdered, the reader finds it hard to connect with what Frankenstein is feeling. Elizabeth (and the other main female characters: Justine and Caroline) are there to reflect the men charac ters. Lastly, women function not in their own right but somewhat of a passage for men's relations with other men. This is especially clear when the monster kills Elizabeth on their wedding night. The monster is upset with Victor, so instead of hurting ...