Thursday, November 28, 2019
2pacs Greatness Essay Example
2pacs Greatness Essay The Don of Rap People often complain about how obnoxious hip/hop and rap are. However, those same people that claim these things have not heard the beauty or rawness of what rap truly stems from, emotion. Tupac Amaru Shakur brings an emotion in his music and through that emotion he brings a heavy influence to the listener; everything from his deep, distinct vocals to his poetic words, not to mention his monumental beats and memorable music. Thus making Tupac Shakur the best rapper to have ever lived. However not everyone believes this. Some people believe that rappers such as The Notorious B. I. G. and Eminem have qualified themselves as the best of all time. Some even believe that Tupac is not the best because he has a limited amount of music because of his death in 1996, preventing production of his music. There are also those who think that Tupac flip flops too much from east coast to west coast and his glorification of violence and abuse of women. The fact of the matter is that what Tupac said and rapped about had ââ¬Å"thug-lifeâ⬠as a basis for rap a career; however, someone would have to listen to his music to see that there was more than violence but rather love. We will write a custom essay sample on 2pacs Greatness specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on 2pacs Greatness specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on 2pacs Greatness specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In regards to another rapper being better than Tupac, one would have to look at arguably his closest competition. The Notorious B. I. G and Eminem are arguably the closest. There is a list of things that make a rapper great. That list consists of combining lyrical genius with an emotional voice, and whether or not they can collaborate those two things with memorable music. There is also something else that needs to be brought to the table when labeling whether a rapper is great or not and that is when there is a dominant, unique quality, something special that can set her or him apart from the rest of the field. In Tupacââ¬â¢s case it was his ability to write Shakespearean-like poetry. In Tupacââ¬â¢s compilation of poetry in The Rose That Grew From Concrete, in a poem called ââ¬Å"In the Event of My Demiseâ⬠, he clearly letââ¬â¢s the reader know what he stands for, ââ¬Å"In the event of my demise when my heart can beat no more I hope I die for a principle or a belief that I had lived forâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ (p. 150). Furthermore in an interview on May 8, 2008 with Emmy winner Thom Sharp, who is currently my music teacher at CSUF, when asked how he would describe Tupacââ¬â¢s music, he said, ââ¬Å"It is simply talented poetry. This is that emotion which he is capable of triggering in the reader or listener. He is essentially saying that whatever purpose he had lived for he hopes he brings with him in death because in his eyes that is a logical death and that his life had meaning and brought meaning to others. The question now is simply, ââ¬Å"does Tupac accomplish these things? à ¢â¬ Yes he does and it stems from the life that he lead and what he went through. The life Tupac lead also set him apart from the other ââ¬Ëthugsââ¬â¢ that surrounded him. Tupac is the only rapper who makes the listener feel like they are in the situation that he is portraying, whatever that may be. Emmit Price, an ethnomusicologist of Northeastern University asserted in the Harvard Gazette on April 17, 2003 , ââ¬Å"Tupac as a prolific artist driven by a terrible sense of urgency who struggled to unify mind, body, and spirit. â⬠Price commented further, ââ¬Å"He was also very similar to the rest of us-a work in progress. â⬠Price is essentially saying that Tupac is on our level and wants us to feel that personal connection through the unification that he struggles with. This is an interesting statement and holds truth but more than that it is an important aspect as to why he is the best ever. Even though listeners are not on Tupacââ¬â¢s level in a literal sense, they are mentally. He gets personal with the listener and that is something that his fans thrive off of, that personal relationship that the listener feels with Tupac. To those that believe that Tupac has a limited amount of music they are surely mistaken and simply uninformed. Ever since Tupacââ¬â¢s death in 1996, Afeni Shakur decided to do something about her sonââ¬â¢s talent. According to 2paclegacy. com, ââ¬Å"Afeni Shakur founded Amaru Entertainment/Records in 1997 as a way to legitimately release the huge catalog of unreleased work he completed before his physical passing. Of all of Tupacââ¬â¢s discography six out of his twelve albums were posthumous, meaning they came after his death. This is in large part because of his mother starting Amaru Entertainment/Records, but maybe more than that the fans that he has gained even after his death. After all he was the perfect example of death being anot her part of life. To prove wrong all those people who say he doesnââ¬â¢t have enough music, he is listed in the Guinness Book of Records 2003, ââ¬Å"as the best-selling rap artistâ⬠. It also says, ââ¬Å"US rap legend 2Pac has certified US album sales of 33. million up to the end of 2001, and has had more hits after his death (at the age of 25 in September 1996) than he amassed when he was alive. â⬠(p. 188). Those staggering numbers should quiet anyone that says he does not have enough music because apparently the people of the world can not get enough of him, before and after death. To illustrate further his role and importance in ââ¬Ëgangstaââ¬â¢ rap, in a recent survey on the campus of California State University, Fullerton and at the Block of Orange, 68% of all respondents when asked who there favorite gangsta rapper was, if they had to choose would be Tupac Shakur. This just proves that his music and spirit live on to this day through his always growing fan base. In regards to Tupac flip flopping too much from east coast to west coast and not being true to his ââ¬Å"hoodsâ⬠, this is what makes his greatness shine. The funny thing is that he does not disrespect other hoods, rather recognizes them and feels for their everyday struggles. He makes this evident in a song called ââ¬Å"My Block (Remix)â⬠off his album ââ¬Å"Stay Trueâ⬠, ââ¬Å"to all my blocks out thereâ⬠¦Baltimore, The Jungle( in Marina City), Los Angeles, yeah thatââ¬â¢s my block too. That is an important aspect to being a gangsta rapper in earning respect from everyone around him or her. That is how they build their reputation and gain their fans and with that one can and would see the haters fade away. That was his innate ability to just bring people of all types of backgrounds together. That is a talent and something that was all started from Tupac. When referring about his violence and abuse of women in his lyrics, one has to take a step back and put things in perspective. In the Harvard Gazette on April 17, 2003, from the academic symposium entitled, ââ¬Å"All Eyes on Me: Tupac Shakur and the Search for the Modern Folk Heroâ⬠, and the article by Ken Gewertz, a member of that audience that day asked a panelist about the issue of violence and abuse of women in his lyrics and Mark Anthony Neal of the State University of New York, Albany replied with, ââ¬Å"Well heââ¬â¢s (Tupac) a walking contradiction, but because of that, he makes the process of being an intellectual accessible to ordinary people. This is a very valid point and just goes to prove the point of why he is the best. He shows he is the best because he wanted and wants even in death for his music to be for everyone and anyone; from the man on the corner working for a dime, or the business man in L. A. sitting at his desk working on his next big engineering project. It is for those people, it is for all of the people in this world. Tupacââ¬â¢s experience is also something that made him the best; the word experience meaning life of the streets and the struggles and pain that he had to go through to be the best. All the fame that he gained through rap all came with a price. What other rapper or even person can say that they were arrested a dozen times in the same year, served a prison sentence in the same year and released a multi platinum record while serving that prison sentence in the same year. Here is the answer: no one! Tupac was a leader and had many followers. Although he is known for that mentality of being ââ¬Ësoloââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Ëhim against the worldââ¬â¢, but what does one expect from an individual who came from a household with a mom as a crack addict and no father? He took it upon himself to make something of him self. And in this world and in this time of age there can be no better role model, no greater rapper, than someone who rose up against so many adversities when it is so easy to just quit. From the police to the fame, it seemed as if he couldnââ¬â¢t be left alone. His yearning to be left alone is what ultimately led to his death. With his death also came a void for someone to fill in the rap industry, to take the torch and carry it. However, there has been a struggle for that leader/icon of rap to be produced since Tupacââ¬â¢s death in 1996. It is almost like he is still carrying that torch with him still on his back. He is still the icon and is still the greatest and most influential rapper of all time.
Wednesday, November 27, 2019
Helping Autistic Students Shine in Mainstream Classroom
Helping Autistic Students Shine in Mainstream Classroom A type of neurodevelopmental disorder, autism delayed an affected childââ¬â¢s cognitive and language development by altering how nerve cells and their synapses (a structure that allows nerve cell to communicate with another cell) interact and organized. Delayed development in autistic children often results in other later life difficulties such as poor social and learningà skills. The Impact of Delayed Cognitive and Language Development in Learning Autism in children commonly occurs before the age of 3 and its common symptoms include childââ¬â¢s gradual withdrawal from social relations, deteriorating verbal skills, and repetitive stereotypical behaviors such as head-banging, spinning, rocking, hand-flapping, and so on. However, results of a recent study suggest the frequent vomiting, diarrhea, and infections among children are also symptoms of autism. Autistic school aged children are rarely placed in traditional classrooms due to their poor social skills and anxieties over a large group of people. Moreover, since autism has a profound effect on thinking and learning ability, they usually attend special classes and taught with teaching methods designed for specific impairments caused by the autistic disorder. However, teaching children with autism outside mainstream school classroom, according to study, does not resolve their difficulties in socialization, communication, thinking, and behavior. In fact, this type of arrangement deprived them opportunities to communicate, relate ideas, build social relationships, and cope with different social situations. Moreover, although most children with autism are not interested or appreciate social contacts, teaching strategies must remain socially oriented and instead of tolerating unhelpful attitude and behaviors provide opportunities for interaction and social skills development. You may also like these articles: Bright Sides of Academic Intellectuals We Call Nerds The Contribution of Academic Institutions in Childrens Well-Being Developing Students Creativity and Self-Expression through Crayons Learning Moral Values in College Movies Single-Parent Children Behavior Providing Opportunities for Communication, Interaction, and Confidence Building It is important to remember that socialization; communication, thinking and behavior are the most common difficulties experienced by students with autism thus teaching strategies should resolve all these issues simultaneously. Special classes, for example, satisfy autistic studentsââ¬â¢ need for isolation rather than identifying causes and reducing difficulty in developing a social relationship, encouraging communication and promoting positive thinking and behavior. Students in mainstream school classrooms have different perceptions in life but we should dwell on the reality that humans are passionate about sharing and often find fulfillment in helping others in need. Since most students with autism, regardless of teaching methods and classroom category, consistently need the support of those who care and understand their needs, teachers may find encouraging non-autistic and kindhearted students to help their less able peers beneficial in terms of social and cognitive skills development. For example, the perception and attitude of students with interaction problem may be improved by their peers interest and enthusiasm to interact with others. Similarly, since most children with autism disorder avoid social interaction due to lack of social skills and knowledge on how to make friends, behave in different situation, interpret peersââ¬â¢ expression and intent, and comply with social rules, a classroom filled with interacting, enthusiastic and cooperative students can deliver helpful social cues that they can put into practice when similar situation comes their away in the future. Inclusion education for students with autism can provide the opportunity to learn alongside peers in mainstream schools. It can deliver positive social cues that people with disabilities are not singled out or considered different in our society. It can help gradually develop a sense of community among autistic students, eliminate anxiety over a lack of social skills, increase enthusiasm for learning, and later shine through class performance and achievements.
Sunday, November 24, 2019
Elizabeth Arden, Cosmetics and Beauty Executive
Elizabeth Arden, Cosmetics and Beauty Executive Elizabeth Arden (born Florence Nightingale Graham; December 31, 1884ââ¬âOctober 18, 1966) was theà founder, owner, and operator of Elizabeth Arden, Inc., a cosmetics and beauty corporation.à Sheà used modern mass marketing techniques to bring her cosmetic products to the public and also opened and operated a chain of beauty salons and beauty spas. Her cosmetics and beauty products brand continues today.à Fast Facts: Elizabeth Arden Known For:à Cosmetic business executiveAlso Known As:à Florence Nightingale GrahamBorn:à December 31, 1884 in Woodbridge,à Ontario, CanadaParents: William and Susan GrahamDied:à October 18, 1966 in New York CityEducation: Nursing schoolAwards and Honors:à Là ©gion dHonneurSpouses: Thomas Jenkins Lewis, Prince Michael EvlanoffNotable Quote: To be beautiful and natural is the birthright of every woman.à Early Life Elizabeth Arden was bornà asà the fifth of five children in the outskirts of Toronto,à Ontario. Her father was a Scottish grocer and her mother was English and died when Arden was just 6 years old. Her birth name was Florence Nightingale Graham- named, as many of her age were, for Britains famous nursing pioneer.à The family was poor, and she often worked odd jobs to add to family income.à She began training as a nurse but abandoned that path. She then worked briefly as a secretary. Living in New York In 1908 at the age of 24 she moved to New York, where her brother had already moved. She went to work first as a helper to a beautician and then, in 1910, she opened a beauty salon on Fifth Avenue with a partner, Elizabeth Hubbard. In 1914 when her partnership broke up, she opened a Red Door beauty salon of her own and changed her name to Elizabeth Arden, expanding her business under that name. (The name was adapted from Elizabeth Hubbard, her first partner, and Enoch Arden, the title of a Tennyson poem.) Her Business Expands Arden began to formulate, manufacture, and sell her own cosmetic products. She was a pioneer in the marketing of beauty products, since makeup had been associated with prostitutes and lower class women until this era. Her marketing brought makeup to respectable women. She went to France in 1914 to learn beauty practices where cosmetics were already widely adopted and in 1922, she opened her first salon in France, thus moving into the European market. She later opened salons across Europe and inà South Americaà and Australia. Marriage Elizabeth Arden married in 1918. Her husband Thomas Jenkins Lewis was an American banker, and through him she gained American citizenship. Lewis served as her business manager until their divorce in 1935. She never permitted her husband to own stock in her enterprise, and so after the divorce, he went to work for the rival firm owned by Helena Rubinstein. Spas In 1934, Elizabeth Arden converted her summer home in Maine into the Maine Chance Beauty Spa, and then expanded her line of luxury spas nationally and internationally.à These were the first destination spas of their kind. Politics and World War II Arden was a dedicated suffragette, marching for womens rights in 1912. She supplied the marchers with red lipstick as a sign of solidarity. During World War II, Ardens company came out with a bold red lipstick color to coordinate with womens military uniforms. Elizabeth Arden was a staunch conservative and supporter of the Republican Party. In 1941, the FBI investigated allegations that Elizabeth Arden salons in Europe were being opened as cover for Nazi operations. Later Life In 1942 Elizabeth Arden married again, this time to the Russian Prince Michael Evlonoff, but this marriage lasted only until 1944.à She did not remarry and had no children. In 1943, Arden expanded her business into fashion, partnering with famous designers. Elizabeth Ardens business eventually included more than 100 salons across the world. Her company manufactured more than 300 cosmetic products. Elizabeth Arden products sold for a premium price as she maintained an image of exclusivity and quality. Arden was a prominent racehorse owner, a male-dominated field, and her thoroughbred won the 1947 Kentucky Derby. Death Elizabeth Arden died on October 18, 1966, in New York. She was buried in a cemetery in Sleepy Hollow, New York, as Elizabeth N. Graham.à She had kept her age a secret for many years, but on death, it was revealed to be 88. Legacy In her salons and through her marketing campaigns, Elizabeth Arden stressed instructing women on how to apply makeup. She pioneered such concepts as a scientific formulation of cosmetics, beauty makeovers, travel-size cosmetics, and coordinating colors of eye, lip, and facial makeup. Elizabeth Arden was largely responsible for making cosmetics appropriate- even necessary- for middle- and upper-class women. Women known to use her cosmetics included Queen Elizabeth II, Marilyn Monroe, and Jacqueline Kennedy. The French government honored Arden with theà Là ©gion dHonneurà in 1962. Sources Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. ââ¬Å"Elizabeth Arden.â⬠Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Inc.Peiss, Kathyà Hope in a Jar: The Making of Americas Beauty Culture. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2011.Woodhead, Lindy. War Paint: Madame Helena Rubinstein and Miss Elizabeth Arden: Their Lives, Their Times, Their Rivalry. Weidenfeld Nicolson, 2003.
Saturday, November 23, 2019
Conjugation of the Spanish Verb Dar
Conjugation of the Spanish Verb Dar Here are the simple conjugations of dar, a common Spanish verb that usually is translated as to give. English translations are given for convenience; in many situations, other translations may be possible. In addition to the conjugations listed below, the perfect tenses can be formed by combining the past participle dado with forms of haber, and progressive tenses can be formed by combining the gerund dando with forms of estar. Also note that Spanish pronouns listed below can usually be omitted but are included here for clarity. Irregular forms are shown in boldface. Infinitive (infinitivo): dar (to give) Gerund (gerundio): dando (giving) Participle (participio): dado (given) Present indicative (presente del indicativo): yo doy (I give), tà º das (you give), usted/à ©l/ella da (you give / he/she gives), nosotros/as damos (we give), vosotros/as daà s (you give), ustedes/ellos/ellas dan (you/they give) Preterite (pretà ©rito): yo di (I gave), tu diste (you gave), usted/à ©l/ella dio (you/he/she gave), nosotros/as dimos (we gave), vosotros/as disteis (you gave), ustedes/ellos/ellas dieron (you/they gave) Imperfect indicative (imperfecto del indicativo): yo daba (I used to give), tà º dabas (you used to give), usted/à ©l/ella daba (you/he/she used to give), nosotros/as dbamos (we used to give), vosotros/as dabais (you used to give), ustedes/ellos/ellas daban (you/they used to give) Future (el futuro): yo darà © (I will give), tà º dars (you will give), usted/à ©l/ella dar (you/she/she will give), nosotros/as daremos (we will give), vosotros/as darà ©is (you will give), ustedes/ellos/ellas darn (you/they will give) Conditional (condicional): yo darà a (I would give), tà º darà as (you would give), usted/à ©l/ella darà a (you/he/she would give), nosotros/as darà amos (we would give), vosotros/as darà ais (you would give), ustedes/ellos/ellas darà an (you/they would give) Present subjunctive (presente del subjuntivo): que yo dà © (that I give), que tà º des (that you give), que usted/à ©l/ella dà © (that you/he/she give), que nosotros/as demos (that we give), que vosotros/as deis (that you give), que ustedes/ellos/ellas den (that you/they give) Imperfect subjunctive (imperfecto del subjuntivo): que yo diera/diese (that I gave), que tà º dieras/dieses (that you gave), que usted/à ©l/ella diera/diese (that you/he/she gave), que nosotros/as dià ©ramos/dià ©semos (that we gave), que vosotros/as dierais/dieseis (that you gave), que ustedes/ellos/ellas dieran/diesen (that you/they gave) Imperative (imperativo): da tà º (give), no des tà º (dont give), dà © usted (give), demos nosotros/as (lets give), dad vosotros/as (give), no deis vosotros/as (dont give), den ustedes (give) Sample Sentences Showing Conjugation of Dar El dar es siempre una prueba de madurez. (Giving is always a gift of maturity. Infinitive.) He dado la vida por este equipo. I have given my life for this team. (Present perfect.) Nunca te doy la pelota. No es mi estilo y lo sabes. (I will never give you the ball. It isnt my style, and you know it.) Present indicative.) Los romanos dieron a los judà os en ese tiempo un autogobierno limitado. (The Romans at that time gave the Jews a limited self-government. Preterite.) Me daba apuro hablar de eso delante de mis padres. (I felt uncomfortable talking about that in front of my parents. Imperfect.) El asteroide nos dar un susto. (The asteroid will give us a scare. Future.) La madre dijo que le darà a un pulmà ³n a su hijo. (The mother said she would donate a lung to her son.à Conditional.) Es importante que des la informacià ³n correcta. (It is important that you provide the correct information. Present subjunctive.) Las aplicaciones maliciosas eran capaces de engaà ±ar a los usuarios para que dieran sus contraseà ±as. (The malicious applications were capable of tricking their users into giving up their passwords. Imperfect subjunctive.) à ¡Dmelo ahora! (Give it to me now! Imperative.)
Thursday, November 21, 2019
Ecology and Environment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Ecology and Environment - Research Paper Example Humans are the most advanced organisms in the ecosystem; unlike other organisms that adapt to their environment, humans normally try to make their environment adapt to their needs. In this attempt to unbalance nature, effects of human activities are always more detrimental than any other. These would include such drastic effects as deforestation and the nowadays much publicized global worming.My surrounding is an exciting place full of life and activities. Organisms live and interact with one another freely. However, occasionally, there would always be conflicts within the ecosystem. A highly agricultural terrain with lots of vegetation to show for it, the cool wet climate ensures that tea, coffee, pyrethrum, and other crops do well and are, therefore, planted in large scale. A lake lies to the eastern end and to the southern border lies a game reserve. These two are representations of the existence of all spheres of life in this ecosystem. All the basic needs that any organism would need lie within range. The presence of us humans, however, complicates issues. With humans always wanting large trunks of arable lands for themselves, they would go to any length to get what they want. This would always see to it that more animals are killed as others migrate from the area in an attempt to seek further hunting fields. From time to time, this has seen the extinction of some indigenous animals as previous reports show. From time to time, this has seen the extinction of some indigenous animals as previous reports show.
Summary Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2
Summary - Case Study Example The main issues that are addressed as far as the issue of insurance is concerned are the aspects of provision of healthcare especially on the emergency department and the provision of emergency services. This research established that up to 40% decline in the emergency department visits as well as a 61% decrease in the inpatient admissions was attributable to the lack of insurance cover. This paper borrows from other research work in order to establish credibility and coherence with the findings from other works. Some of the findings have indicated that up to a quarter of all the young adults in the United States were confronted with lack of health insurance at this stage. The use of healthcare facilities has also been strongly linked with the subscription to medical insurance services. The individuals that have the cover have the highest propensity to consume health services. This means that the unsecured would have adopted a different healthcare scheme if they had a healthcare insurance cover. This paper explores the quasi-experimental status that results to variations in the status of insurance services depending on the strategies that are utilized by the insurers in ensuring that the dependents are eligible for the insurance services. The research to establish these variations was based on records obtained from California, Arizona, Iowa, New Jersey, and Wisconsi n for the emergency department. On the other hand, the records for hospital admission were obtained from hospitals in the above areas plus also Texas. In the attempt to establish the health insurance variations, data was gathered from various centers. This data was mainly obtained from the National Health Interview Survey, the inpatient hospitalization records, and administrative records relating to emergency department records. The obtained data was related to a model in order to demonstrate the relationship between the utilization of care and the provision of health insurance. The model
Wednesday, November 20, 2019
Stakeholder Comparative Study Case Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Stakeholder Comparative - Case Study Example The companies of interest in this analysis do belong to industries which are very different in nature and which therefore carry different potential and impacts on the regarded interest of the stakeholder they represent. The environment in which they operate in, their industry, the state of their local economy, the overall sizes of their respective industries, their global impacts, their related risks, their economic values are all aspects that are determined in part by the composition of their respective stakeholders and the type of value they are able to offer those from a social, political, and economic perspective. British Land Company plc is the largest property investment company in Britain, with a current portfolio of à £14.6 billion. The Companyââ¬â¢s portfolio focuses on areas where the principles of supply and demand have shown to remain strong in the long term. About 41% is invested in large town retail properties, such as Meadowhall Shopping Centre in Sheffield, 88 sup ermarkets and 66 retail warehouses (BL 2007). Another main area of focus of the company is on office properties in central London, with a comparable rate attaining 33% of the companyââ¬â¢s overall property portfolio, with notable offices such as the Broadgate Estate, Liverpool Street Station, and Regentââ¬â¢s Place. The Group employs 186 staff members at its headquarters in the London office. Their activities are focused on the integrated core disciplines of strategic property investment, management, development, and financing.à ... The Group outsources the day-to-day operational management of its portfolio, and other non-core disciplines to third party members. The British Land Company's primary objective is to produce superior, sustained and secured long-term shareholder returns via the development, management and financing of chosen real estate activities. The company recognizes that environmental and social considerations should be integrated with everyday working practices and they are embedded into its corporate values. The structure of British Land's corporate responsibility (CR) committee ensures that CR is integrated at every level. The committee consists of the head of each department. Each member has responsibility for a different aspect of CR ( for example, employee volunteering) and reports back to the COO on that area. Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria (SPDC) (SPDC) of Nigeria is a subsidiary of the Royal Dutch/Shell group of companies. SPDC is 100% Shell owned, but it operates a joint venture on behalf of the Nigerian government, to explore and produce crude oil and natural gas. In this joint venture, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), a state-owned company, has a 55% stake and SPDC has a 30% stake (10% belongs to France's Total and 5% to Italy's Agip). The joint venture is the largest producer of crude oil in Nigeria, with around 1 million barrels of oil per day, accounting for about 40% of the country's oil production (SPDC 2007). SPDC employees almost 5000 staff directly (95% Nigerians). However, another 20.000 people are employed indirectly, because there are many day-to-day activities carried out by sub-contractors (e.g. exploration surveys, drilling for oil, construction of facilities etc.). The mission of SPDC is
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